CD23 ELISA

CD23 Overview

CD23, also known as the low-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRII), is a cell surface protein with a range of biological functions and clinical implications. Here's a detailed look at its characteristics, functions, and relevance in various conditions:

Characteristics of CD23

• Molecular Weight and Forms:
• Surface Form: Approximately 45 kDa, found on IgM-bearing B cells, eosinophils, macrophages, and some T and NK cells. It is also present on EBV-transformed B cells.
• Soluble Form: Initially released as a 35 kDa protein, which is rapidly cleaved to form a more stable 25 kDa soluble CD23.
• Structure: The structure of CD23 was characterized through cloning and sequencing, revealing that it plays a role in B cell growth and other immune functions.

Functions of CD23

• B Cell Growth Factor: Soluble CD23, also known as Blast-2, functions as a B cell growth factor (BCGF), which suggests it plays a role in regulating B cell proliferation and differentiation.
• IgE Regulation: CD23 is involved in the regulation of IgE synthesis, particularly in conjunction with interleukin-4 (IL-4), which is promoted by T cells. However, the precise physiological role of CD23 in IgE synthesis is not yet fully understood.

Clinical Relevance of CD23

• Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-CLL): Elevated levels of CD23 are commonly observed in patients with B-cell derived chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). CD23 expression is often used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for this condition.
• Hyper IgE Syndrome: Increased CD23 levels have been found in patients with Hyper IgE Syndrome, a condition characterized by high levels of IgE and recurrent infections.
• Post-Bone Marrow Transplantation: CD23 levels can be elevated in samples from individuals who have undergone bone marrow transplantation, potentially serving as a marker for post-transplantation monitoring.
• Hairy Cell Leukemia: CD23 levels may also correlate with the disease course in hairy cell leukemia, providing insights into the progression and management of this malignancy.

Summary

CD23 is a multifaceted protein with a significant role in immune regulation and disease. Its different forms and functions make it a valuable marker in various clinical conditions, particularly in hematological malignancies and immune disorders. Understanding the role of CD23 in these contexts can aid in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring.

This ELISA Kit from Tecan IBL International is for research use only.

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